How do you decide how much redundancy a branch gets?
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Say this first
By business impact, and the result should be two or three standard branch tiers, not a custom design per site. A small office gets one edge device and one circuit with LTE backup. A medium site gets two circuits from different carriers on one device. A critical site gets two edge devices, two diverse circuits and a redundant switch stack. Multiplying each tier's cost by the number of sites keeps the conversation honest.
Go deeper
| Tier | Edge | Transport | LAN | Typical site |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One device | One broadband or fiber circuit plus LTE backup | One switch | Small sales office |
| 2 | One device | Two circuits, different carriers | Small stack | Normal office |
| 3 | Two devices | Two diverse circuits, LTE as third | Stack or pair, dual uplinks | Plant, warehouse, store with critical systems |
Questions that decide the tier
- What does an hour of outage at this site cost? Can staff work offline?
- Are there local systems (point of sale, production lines, cameras) that need the WAN?
- What can the carriers actually deliver at that address? Sometimes only one fiber provider exists.
Design details
- Real diversity: two carriers can share the same last-mile duct. Ask for the path, not just a second circuit ID.
- SD-WAN: measures loss, latency and jitter on every path and steers applications to the path that meets their policy, so two internet links can replace an MPLS circuit for many sites.
- Two edge devices: need a first hop redundancy protocol (VRRP or HSRP) or routing on the LAN side, and each device owns one circuit.
- LTE: watch data caps and costs; consider sending only critical traffic over it.
They will ask next
Is LTE a good primary link for a branch?
It can be for temporary or very small sites, but latency and throughput vary with signal and cell load, and data plans can be costly. As a backup it is excellent because it shares almost no physical path with a fixed circuit.
Traps
- Giving every branch tier 3 because it is safest. Multiply it by the number of sites before proposing it.
How did you do?